ubuntu安装docker实操

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安装前检查,查看Ubuntu版本

Docker 要求 Ubuntu 系统的内核版本高于 3.10，并且是64位系统

  • uname -a
  • lsb_release -a
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root@VM-32-248-ubuntu:~# uname -a
Linux VM-32-248-ubuntu 4.4.0-53-generic #74-Ubuntu SMP Fri Dec 2 15:59:10 UTC 2016 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux

root@VM-32-248-ubuntu:~# lsb_release -a
No LSB modules are available.
Distributor ID: Ubuntu
Description:    Ubuntu 16.04.1 LTS
Release:        16.04
Codename:       xenial

开始安装docker

  • apt-get install docker.io
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root@VM-32-248-ubuntu:~# apt-get install docker.io
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
The following additional packages will be installed:
  bridge-utils cgroupfs-mount containerd runc ubuntu-fan
Suggested packages:
  mountall aufs-tools debootstrap docker-doc rinse zfs-fuse | zfsutils
The following NEW packages will be installed:
  bridge-utils cgroupfs-mount containerd docker.io runc ubuntu-fan
0 upgraded, 6 newly installed, 0 to remove and 234 not upgraded.
Need to get 17.5 MB of archives.
After this operation, 90.5 MB of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n] y
Get:1 http://mirrors.tencentyun.com/ubuntu xenial/main amd64 bridge-utils amd64 1.5-9ubuntu1 [28.6 kB]
Get:2 http://mirrors.tencentyun.com/ubuntu xenial/universe amd64 cgroupfs-mount all 1.2 [4,970 B]
Get:3 http://mirrors.tencentyun.com/ubuntu xenial-updates/universe amd64 runc amd64 1.0.0~rc2+docker1.13.1-0ubuntu1~16.04.1 [1,488 kB]
Get:4 http://mirrors.tencentyun.com/ubuntu xenial-updates/universe amd64 containerd amd64 0.2.5-0ubuntu1~16.04.1 [4,041 kB]
Get:5 http://mirrors.tencentyun.com/ubuntu xenial-updates/universe amd64 docker.io amd64 1.13.1-0ubuntu1~16.04.2 [11.9 MB]
Get:6 http://mirrors.tencentyun.com/ubuntu xenial-updates/main amd64 ubuntu-fan all 0.12.8~16.04.2 [35.6 kB]
Fetched 17.5 MB in 0s (34.5 MB/s)
Selecting previously unselected package bridge-utils.
(Reading database ... 64831 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../bridge-utils_1.5-9ubuntu1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking bridge-utils (1.5-9ubuntu1) ...
Selecting previously unselected package cgroupfs-mount.
Preparing to unpack .../cgroupfs-mount_1.2_all.deb ...
Unpacking cgroupfs-mount (1.2) ...
Selecting previously unselected package runc.
Preparing to unpack .../runc_1.0.0~rc2+docker1.13.1-0ubuntu1~16.04.1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking runc (1.0.0~rc2+docker1.13.1-0ubuntu1~16.04.1) ...
Selecting previously unselected package containerd.
Preparing to unpack .../containerd_0.2.5-0ubuntu1~16.04.1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking containerd (0.2.5-0ubuntu1~16.04.1) ...
Selecting previously unselected package docker.io.
Preparing to unpack .../docker.io_1.13.1-0ubuntu1~16.04.2_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking docker.io (1.13.1-0ubuntu1~16.04.2) ...
Selecting previously unselected package ubuntu-fan.
Preparing to unpack .../ubuntu-fan_0.12.8~16.04.2_all.deb ...
Unpacking ubuntu-fan (0.12.8~16.04.2) ...
Processing triggers for man-db (2.7.5-1) ...
Processing triggers for ureadahead (0.100.0-19) ...
Processing triggers for systemd (229-4ubuntu10) ...
Setting up bridge-utils (1.5-9ubuntu1) ...
Setting up cgroupfs-mount (1.2) ...
Setting up runc (1.0.0~rc2+docker1.13.1-0ubuntu1~16.04.1) ...
Setting up containerd (0.2.5-0ubuntu1~16.04.1) ...
Setting up docker.io (1.13.1-0ubuntu1~16.04.2) ...
Adding group `docker' (GID 117) ...
Done.
Setting up ubuntu-fan (0.12.8~16.04.2) ...
Processing triggers for systemd (229-4ubuntu10) ...
Processing triggers for ureadahead (0.100.0-19) ...

检查安装后的docker版本

  • docker -v
  • docker version
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root@VM-32-248-ubuntu:/var/lib# docker -v
Docker version 1.13.1, build 092cba3

root@VM-32-248-ubuntu:~# docker version
Client:
 Version:      1.13.1
 API version:  1.26
 Go version:   go1.6.2
 Git commit:   092cba3
 Built:        Thu Nov  2 20:40:23 2017
 OS/Arch:      linux/amd64

Server:
 Version:      1.13.1
 API version:  1.26 (minimum version 1.12)
 Go version:   go1.6.2
 Git commit:   092cba3
 Built:        Thu Nov  2 20:40:23 2017
 OS/Arch:      linux/amd64
 Experimental: false

尝试运行hello-world

  • docker run hello-world
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root@VM-32-248-ubuntu:~# docker run hello-world
Unable to find image 'hello-world:latest' locally
latest: Pulling from library/hello-world
ca4f61b1923c: Pull complete
Digest: sha256:66ef312bbac49c39a89aa9bcc3cb4f3c9e7de3788c944158df3ee0176d32b751
Status: Downloaded newer image for hello-world:latest

Hello from Docker!
This message shows that your installation appears to be working correctly.

To generate this message, Docker took the following steps:
 1. The Docker client contacted the Docker daemon.
 2. The Docker daemon pulled the "hello-world" image from the Docker Hub.
    (amd64)
 3. The Docker daemon created a new container from that image which runs the
    executable that produces the output you are currently reading.
 4. The Docker daemon streamed that output to the Docker client, which sent it
    to your terminal.

To try something more ambitious, you can run an Ubuntu container with:
 $ docker run -it ubuntu bash

Share images, automate workflows, and more with a free Docker ID:
 https://cloud.docker.com/

For more examples and ideas, visit:
 https://docs.docker.com/engine/userguide/

root@VM-32-248-ubuntu:~# docker ps -ls
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND             CREATED             STATUS                      PORTS               NAMES               SIZE
1d5943a18015        hello-world         "/hello"            49 seconds ago      Exited (0) 48 seconds ago                       jovial_thompson     0 B (virtual 1.85 kB)

更改docker使用中国官方镜像

  • 修改 /etc/docker/daemon.json（如果没有则新建一个）
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{
  "registry-mirrors": ["https://registry.docker-cn.com"]
}
  • 重启docker生效
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root@VM-32-248-ubuntu:/etc/docker# service docker restart

卸载docker

  • apt-get remove docker-engine
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root@VM-32-248-ubuntu:/var/lib# sudo apt-get remove docker.io
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required:
  bridge-utils cgroupfs-mount containerd runc ubuntu-fan
Use 'sudo apt autoremove' to remove them.
The following packages will be REMOVED:
  docker.io
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 1 to remove and 4 not upgraded.
After this operation, 50.4 MB disk space will be freed.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n] y
(Reading database ... 66646 files and directories currently installed.)
Removing docker.io (1.13.1-0ubuntu1~16.04.2) ...
'/usr/share/docker.io/contrib/nuke-graph-directory.sh' -> '/var/lib/docker/nuke-graph-directory.sh'
Processing triggers for man-db (2.7.5-1) ...